SHEIKH HASINA, Prime
Minister of Bangladesh, was born on 28 September, 1947 at Tungipara under
Gopalganj district. She is the eldest of five children of the Father of the
Nation Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman, the founder of independent
Bangladesh.
She graduated from the University of Dhaka in 1973. She was elected Vice
President of the Students Union of Government Intermediate Girl’s College. She
was a member of the students League Unit of Dhaka University and Secretary of
the Students League Unit of Rokeya Hall. She actively participated in all the
mass movements since her student life.
Father of the Nation Bangabandhu
Sheikh Mujibur Rahman along with the members of his family was martyred on the
fateful night of 15 August 1975. Sheikh Hasina and her younger sister Sheikh
Rehana were the only survivors as they were in West Germany at that time. Later
she went to the United Kingdom from where she started her movement against the
autocratic rule in 1980. Sheikh Hasina was unanimously elected President of
Bangladesh Awami League in 1981 in her absence, while she was forced to live in
exile in New Delhi. Ending six years in exile, she returned home finally on 17
May 1981.
In the parliamentary election held in 1986, she won three seats. She was
elected Leader of the Opposition. She led the historic mass movement in 1990
and announced the constitutional formula for peaceful transfer of power through
Articles 51 and 56 of the Constitution.
Following the election of 1991 Sheikh Hasina became Leader of the Opposition in
the country’s Fifth Parliament, She steered all the political parties in the
parliament towards changing the Presidential system into the Parliamentary one.
Sheikh Hasina created awareness among the people and waged a struggle for
Non-party Caretaker Government to ensure free and fair polls. Her movement
reached the peak after a non-cooperation movement in March 1996 and the
provision for Non-party Caretaker Government was incorporated in the
Constitution.
At the call of Sheikh Hasina a large number of people of all walks of life
expressed solidarity with the movement at the ‘Janatar Mancha’. In the
Parliamentary election held on 12 June 1996, Bangladesh Awami League emerged as
the majority party and she assumed the office of the Prime Minister of
Bangladesh on 23 June 1996.
After becoming the Prime Minister, Sheikh Hasina adopted a number of pragmatic
policies for overall development of the nation including poverty alleviation.
During the last four years her government achieved laudable success including
signing of the historic 30 year Ganges Water Sharing Treaty with India, signing
of historic peace Accord on Chittagong Hill Tracts and inauguration of the
Bangabandhu Bridge on the river Jamuna.
Sheikh Hasina was conferred Degree of Doctor of Law by the Boston University of
the USA on 6 February 1997 and Honorary Doctor of Law by the Waseda University
of Japan on 4 July 1997. She was also conferred the Honorary Doctorate of
Philosophy in Liberal Arts by University of Abertay Dundee of the United
Kingdom on 25 October, 1997. She was conferred Honorary Degree of Desikottama
(Doctor of Literature, honoris causa) by Visva-Bharati University of West
Bengal, India on 28 January 1999. She was also conferred the degree of Doctor
of Laws, honoris causa, on the ground of her distinguished creative
contributions in the service of society by the Australian National University
on 20 October 1999. Dhaka University conferred Honorary 'Doctor of Laws' degree
to Sheikh Hasina on 18 December, 1999 for her outstanding contribution towards
peace and democracy. The World famous Catholic University of Brussels, Belgium
conferred Honorary Doctorate degree (Doctor Honoris Causa) on Sheikh Hasina on
04 February, 2000 for her decisive role in establishing democracy, protecting
human rights and peace. Sheikh Hasina has been conferred Honorary Doctor of
Humane Letters by the Bridgeport University, USA on 5 September, 2000.
Sheikh Hasina has been awarded UNESCO's Houphouet-Boigny Peace Prize for 1998
for her remarkable contribution to bringing peace through ending the 25 years
of conflict in Chittagong Hill Tracts with political courage and statesmanship.
Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina received prestigious Pearl S. Buck Award '99 on 9
April 2000 in recognition of her vision, courage, achievements in political,
economic and humanitarian fields by Randolph Macon Women's College of USA. The
UN Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) has been awarded the prestigious
CERES' medal to Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina in recognition to her fight
against hunger on 02 August, 1999. The All India Peace Council awarded her
'Mother Teresa Award' in 1998. The Mahatma M K Gandhi Foundation of Oslo,
Norway awarded Sheikh Hasina ‘M K Gandhi Award’ for 1998 for her contribution
towards promotion of communal understanding, non violent religions harmony and
growth of democracy at the level of grassroots in Bangladesh. Sheikh Hasina was
named Paul Haris Fellow by the Rotary Foundation of Rotary International. She
was also given Medal of Distinction in 1996-97 and 1998-99 and Head of State
Medal in 1996-97 by the International Association of Lions Clubs.
She has authored several books including "Why Are They Street
Children", "The Origin of Autocracy", 'Miles to Go",
"Elimination of Poverty and Some Thoughts", "People and
Democracy", "My Dream My Struggle" and "Development for the
Masses." She performed holy Hajj and Umrah several times.
Sheikh Hasina is the Chairperson of "The Father of the Nation Bangabandhu
Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Memorial Trust". She has been helping a lot of poor
boys and girls for their education.
Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina, throughout her life has been a strong proponent
of peace, freedom and democracy. From an early age, inspired by the lofty
ideals and love for the people of her father, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur
Rahman, the liberator of Bangladesh, she developed a strong sense of identity
for the common people. She always spoke out against oppression and violation of
human rights. This commitment has hardened over the years, particularly when
her parents, brothers and scores of relatives were brutally assassinated by the
misguided members of the military in 1975 soon after the independence of
Bangladesh.
Since that time her resolve for democracy and development for the teeming
millions of Bangladesh has become firmly entrenched. She struggled for the
return of democracy in Bangladesh and fought valiantly for its establishment in
the country in every possible manner. She was committed to making Parliament
the centre of all national activities.
In 1996, the people of Bangladesh gave her a strong mandate as the Prime
Minister of the country. Despite serious resource and constraints and recurrent
natural calamity as well as widespread poverty, Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina,
during the first two years of her government, has lived up to her unswerving
commitment to the cause of peace, democracy, development and human rights.
Her first act of peace within months of her assumption of office was the
initiative for resolution of the long-standing water-sharing dispute with India
through a 30-years treaty. This put an end to a very complex regional dispute.
Her visionary idea of a business summit among the political and private sector
leaders of Bangladesh, India and Pakistan has added a new chapter in the
history of South Asia.
Her dedicated leadership also made possible a peace agreement in the Chittagong
Hill Tracts, thereby solving the 23-year old insurgency in the Hill districts
of Bangladesh. This peace accord brought an area inhabited by nearly 5 million
people out of violence and into a time of peace and development. Though the
international media has not given much prominence to this accord, it is
uniquely remarkable because the peace accord benefited such a large number of
people and the whole area has been brought under development programs following
the complete surrender of arms by the insurgents.
Her quest for peace has taken her to India and Pakistan to talk to the leaders
of these two countries soon after the nuclear test urging reduction of tension
in the region.
Prime Minister Hasina has been a strong advocate for the Culture of Peace at
global, regional and national levels. In many major conferences, she espoused
the concept of the Culture of Peace, most recently in South Africa at the 12th
Summit of the Non-Aligned Movement (NAM) which has a membership of 114
countries. Her initiative has resulted in the first-ever resolution by the
Plenary of the United Nations General Assembly on the Culture of Peace. She
also provided leadership for the declaration by the UN of the period 2001 to
2010 as the International Decade for Culture of Peace and Non-Violence for the
Children of the World.
Prime Minister Hasina’s determination for the eradication of poverty, in
particular through wide-ranging microcredit programmes, has been recognized
world-wide. Her co-chairpersonship of the Microcredit Summit in February 1997
which resolved to bring 100 million families of the world out of poverty by
2005 focused world attention to her strong commitment to the eradication of
poverty and enlistment of the poorest of the poor. She has been a champion of
microcredit by spreading the message in major international forums. Her
leadership led to the adoption for the first time by UN General Assembly a
far-reaching resolution on the role of microcredit in the eradication of
poverty.
Along with poverty eradication, she has focused on the empowerment of women and
has successfully completed legislation to ensure adequate representation of
women in the local government bodies, leading to the election of more than
14,000 women to these bodies in 1997. She has taken major initiatives to stop
violence against women and children.
She has also provided leadership in the field of education, particularly for
the education of girls in her own country as well as advocating it for global
support. Her government has greatly enhanced budgetary allocation for primary
education focusing on girls’ education.
To improve the quality of life of the people of Bangladesh, Prime Minister
Sheikh Hasina has particularly focused on human development, paying special
attention to healthcare, family planning, nutrition, women’s rights and
survival and development of children. At the UN and other forums, she has been
a major voice in support of the cause of children and their rights.
Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina has, all along her life, defended human rights in
every possible way. Her active promotion of the rights of women and children
has drawn appreciation by both government and NGOs as well as international
organizations. She has promoted the right to development as having centrality
in the human rights regime. At the NAM Summit in South Africa in 1998, her
proposal for a Convention on the Right to Development received welcoming
endorsement of the Heads of State and Government. She initiated the establishment
of a National Human Rights Commission and the office of Ombudsperson as well as
Bangladesh’s recent accession to six major human rights instruments including
the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights.
Her keen interest resulted in the signature by Bangladesh of the Statute for
the International Criminal Court (ICC) and ratification of the Landmines
Treaty, being the first country in South Asia to do so.
Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina’s initiative resulted in the hosting of the
first-ever conference of the Asian parliamentarians devoted to peace and
cooperation in Dhaka in September 1999 which elected her as the first President
of the Association of Asian Parliaments for peace established at the conference.
At present, as someone who has lost so much personally and has been a victim of
oppression and denial of freedom, Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina stands out as a
messenger of peace, democracy, development and human rights. Her leadership of
the eighth largest country of the world manifests her concern for the people,
seen again during the worst-ever floods in Bangladesh in 1998.
§ Sheikh
Hasina is the recipient of the UNESCO Houphouet-Boigny Peace Prize for 1998 for
her role in bringing peace in the Chittagong Hill Tracts region of Bangladesh.
§ Sheikh Hasina has
been awarded the Mahatma Gandhi Award for 1998 (Oslo, Norway) for her
contribution towards promotion of communal understanding, non-violence,
religious harmony and growth of grassroots democracy in Bangladesh.
§ She has been awarded
1999 CERES Medal for contribution to the agriculture development by the Food
and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome.
§ She is the winner of
the 1999 Pearl S. Buck Award for "your vision, your courage and your
achievements in political, economic and humanitarian spheres capture the spirit
of the award and of the woman who inspired it."
§ She has been awarded
honorary Doctor of Liberal Arts by the University of Alberta Dundee in the
United Kingdom in October 1997.
§ She has been
conferred honorary Doctor of Laws by the Boston University in the United States
and the Waseda University of Japan.
§ She has been
conferred the degree of Desikottama (Doctor of Literature) by the Visva-Bharati
University, India founded by Nobel Laureate Rabindranath Tagore.
§ She has been
conferred honorary Doctor of Laws by the Australian National University in
October 1999.
§ Prime Minister Sheikh
Hasina has been conferred honorary Doctor of Laws by Dhaka University in
December 1999.
§ She has been
conferred honorary Doctor of Laws by the Catholic University of Brussels in
February 2000.
§ Prime Minister Sheikh
Hasina has been conferred by the honorary Doctor of Humane Letters for her contribution
to world peace and development by the University of Bridgeport, Connecticut in
the United States on 5 September 2000.
Under her leadership her party Bangladesh Awami League led grand alliance to
win a landslide victory in the 9th Parliament Election on December 29, 2008
with 262 seats out of 299 in the National Parliament.
Sheikh Hasina took oath as Prime Minister of Bangladesh at a ceremony held at
Banghabhaban on January 06, 2009.
Sheikh Hasina is married having one son and one daughter.
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